In a large bowl, combine the ground chicken, minced chipotle in adobo, garlic powder, onion powder, smoked paprika, salt, and black pepper. Mix until just combined, being careful not to overwork the meat.
Divide the mixture into four equal portions and shape them into patties. Make a slight indentation in the center of each patty to prevent them from puffing up while cooking.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Once hot, add the patties and cook for about 5-6 minutes on each side, or until the internal temperature reaches 165°F and the burgers are golden brown.
During the last minute of cooking, place a slice of pepper jack cheese on each patty and cover the skillet to melt the cheese.
While the burgers are cooking, mix the mayonnaise and lime juice in a small bowl.
To assemble, spread the lime mayo on the bottom half of each hamburger bun. Add a lettuce leaf, followed by the burger patty with melted cheese, a slice of tomato, and the top half of the bun.